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The negative double (sometimes called the Sputnik double)〔 is a form of takeout double in bridge. It is made by the responder after his right-hand opponent overcalls on the first round of bidding, and is used to show both support for the unbid suits as well as some values. It is treated as forcing, but not unconditionally so. In practice, the negative double is sometimes used as a sort of catch-all, made when no other call properly describes responder's hand. Therefore, a partnership might even treat the negative double as a wide ranging call that merely shows some values. ==Usage== Using the modern negative double convention, it is understood that a double over an initial overcall is conventional, and ''not'' for penalties (but see Playing for penalties). For example, using this convention, the following doubles would be regarded as negative, not for penalty: *1 – (1) – Dbl *1m – (1M) – Dbl *1 – (1) – Dbl *1M – (2m) – Dbl In understandings regarding negative doubles, the emphasis is on major suit lengths. This is largely due to the special value that tournament play, especially the pairs game, places on major suits. Since the mid-1980s, the negative double has been used mainly to stand in for a bid in an unbid major suit. Most partnerships using the negative double agree that it applies only through a particular level of overcall. For example, they may agree that the double of an overcall through 3 is negative, and that beyond 3 a double is for penalties. At rubber bridge many players are reluctant to give up the penalty double of an overcall, and so do not use the double as conventional. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Negative double」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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